Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Dual targeting of astrocytic and endothelial GLUT1 enables functional rescue in GLUT1 deficiency syndrome

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.04.709430

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Representative sagittal brain sections from wild-type mice immunostained for Glut1 (green) and counterstained with DAPI (cyan). Negative control sections were processed in parallel without the primary anti-Glut1 antibody. Scale bar, 5 mm.(B) High-magnification images of the thalamic ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM) from 2-month-old Aldh1l1-CreERT2; Rosa26^LSL-tdTomato (flex tdTomato) mice. Endothelial cells were labeled with tomato lectin (green), astrocytes with tdTomato (magenta), Glut1 immunoreactivity is shown in grayscale, and nuclei are counterstained with DAPI (cyan). Yellow arrowheads indicate Glut1 signal associated with lectin-positive vessels, and yellow arrows indicate Glut1 signal in tdTomato-positive astrocyte somata. Scale bar, 50 µm. (C) Representative images from normal human hippocampus stained for GLUT1 (green) and the astrocytic marker GLT1 (magenta), with merged images and DAPI (cyan). White arrowheads indicate vascular GLUT1 staining. Region 1 and Region 2 correspond to the stratum oriens (or alveus) and the pyramidal cell layer, respectively. Negative control sections were processed without primary antibodies. Scale bar, 50 µm. Glut1/GLUT1 immunostaining was visualized using tyramide signal amplification (TSA).

Article Snippet: Tomato lectin (1:1000; Vector Laboratories, FL-1171) was used for vascular endothelial staining.

Techniques: Negative Control, Labeling, Staining, Marker, Immunostaining, Amplification

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Dual targeting of astrocytic and endothelial GLUT1 enables functional rescue in GLUT1 deficiency syndrome

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.04.709430

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Reporter constructs containing Region d, with or without an upstream CMV enhancer element, were packaged into AAV-V1 capsids and administered to wild-type mice by retro-orbital injection. (B) Representative confocal images of cortical sections stained with lectin (vascular endothelial cells) and SOX9 (astrocytes). Top, AAV-V1 carrying Region d alone drove mCherry expression predominantly in vascular endothelial cells, with detectable expression in astrocytes. Bottom, addition of a CMV enhancer upstream of Region d increased reporter signal without an obvious change in cell-type distribution, resulting in a pattern that more closely recapitulates endogenous SLC2A1 expression. Yellow arrowheads indicate representative vascular endothelial cells, and yellow arrows indicate astrocytes. Scale bar, 100 µm.

Article Snippet: Tomato lectin (1:1000; Vector Laboratories, FL-1171) was used for vascular endothelial staining.

Techniques: Construct, Injection, Staining, Expressing

Journal: Science Advances

Article Title: A conserved glycan motif induces broadly reactive functional antibodies against the zoonotic pathogen Streptococcus suis

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adz1854

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Binding of plant lectins to surface structures of capsule-deficient S. suis strains (ΔCPS). SBA binds to N -acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) and, to a lesser extent, galactose (Gal); RCA 120 binds to both Gal and GalNAc; sWGA has a special affinity to N -acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). Data from biological triplicates are presented as mean values ± SD. ( B ) Glycosyl composition analysis by GC-MS of TMS (trimethylsilyl) derivatives of methyl glycosides of S. suis RPS from S10 and 861160 released by mild acid hydrolysis after chemical N -acetylation. ( C ) Plant lectin binding to isolated RPS from S. suis S10 and 861160. Data show technical triplicates (mean values ± SD) and are representative for two independent experiments. ( D and E ) Presence and absence of the most abundant glycosyl linkage residues (D) and phosphate (E) of S. suis RPS from S10 and 861160. Glycosyl linkage residues were analyzed by GC-MS of partially methylated alditol acetate derivatives. Phosphate was determined by malachite green assay following hydrolysis with hydrochloric acid and digestion with alkaline phosphatase. Original data is in tables S2 and S3.

Article Snippet: Subsequently, 12.5 μl of bacterial suspension was incubated in a 96-well V-bottom plate with the same volume of pig serum or fluorescein-labeled lectin (Vector Laboratories, FLK-2100 and FL-1021S-5).

Techniques: Binding Assay, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Isolation, Methylation, Malachite Green Assay